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It is more publicly acceptable than alternative physical/chemical technologies.
Results in complete destruction of many hazardous contaminants.
Often less expensive than other clean-up technologies.
There are no concerns of more persistent or toxic by-products.
Microbes increase in numbers when contaminant is present & decline when degraded.
Biological processes are often highly specific to the site, contamination & environment conditions.
Cannot treat petroleum based contaminants.
Difficult to extrapolate bench studies to full-scale operations.
May not result in evenly distributed degradation.
Often takes longer than other treatment options
Copper
Inorganic compounds
Fuels
TNT
None of the above can be treated in this way.
TRUE
FALSE
Phyto-exctaction
Rhizo-filtration
Phyto-oxidation
Phyto-stabilisation
Phyto-transformation
Can be used if high toxicity levels of contaminants.
Good for sites with a low concentration of contaminants if only ‘polish’ treatment is required over long periods of time.
Can be used with other remediation technologies as a final cap and closure of the site.
In the winter with very high levels of contamination.
In the summer with very high levels of contamination.
In the winter with very low levels of contamination.
In the summer with very low levels of contamination.
Heavy metals
Volatile metals
Radionuclides
Explosives